某富含金银阳极泥矿的工艺矿物学研究

The Process Mineralogy Study of a Gold-silver Anode Slime Mineral

采用XRF、XRD、粒度仪分析、扫描电镜分析等分析方法对某富含金银阳极泥矿的成分、粒度、物相等进行了研究。结果表明:此阳极泥矿粒度细、结构复杂,富含金、银,总含量达到10.42%,主要有色金属为铜、铅,含量分别为17.26%、13.28%;阳极泥矿中金主要以金银合金的形式存在,少部分包裹在硒化铜及硫酸铅中并伴随少量的银、锑等元素;银主要以硒化银、硒酸化银、铜银硒、金银合金及包裹在硫酸铜或者硫酸铅中形成共生化合物等形式存在;铜主要以硫酸铜化合物形式存在,硫酸铜是阳极泥矿的基底,并附存大量的其它杂质元素;铅主要以硫酸铅、硫酸铅钡、砷酸锑铅并伴有锑、金、银、砷等元素的形式存在。除此之外,阳极泥矿中还含有硫酸钡、硫酸锑等化合物。通过分析此阳极泥矿中金、银元素及主要杂质元素铜、铅的成分与赋存状态,为制定高效提取金、银的工艺流程奠定了基础。

In order to the analysis of the phase of high gold-silver anode slime, the thesis does the research by the way of XRF, XRD, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis and so on. The research shows that anode slime has particle size and complex structure, which is rich in noble metals such as gold and silver, with a content of 10.42%. The main impurity metals are copper and lead, and their content are 17.26% and 13.28% respectively. The main phases of the gold include gold silver alloy and gold wrapped in copper selenide and lead sulfate with a small amount of silver and antimony. The main phases of silver include silver selenide, gold-silver selenide, copper-silver selenide, gold silver alloy, and silver wrapped in copper sulfate, lead sulfate. The main phases of copper exist in the form of copper sulphate. Copper sulfate is the base of anode slime with a large number of other impurity elements. The main phases of lead are mainly composed of lead sulphate, lead sulfate, and lead antimony arsenate with wrapped antimony, gold, silver, arsenic and so on. In addition, the anode slime also contains barium sulfate and antimony sulphate. This article analyses the composition and occurrence state of gold, Ag and main impurities of copper and lead in the anode slime in detail, which laid a foundation for the efficiency extraction of gold-silver process.