九一一事件以来美国边境政策的调整——基于“再边境化”视角的分析

Adjustment of U.S. Border Policy in the Post-9/11 Era:Based on an Analysis of Rebordering

特朗普执政以来竭力争取实施美墨边境墙修建计划,使美墨边境和移民政策问题日益突出,这在本质上与欧洲国家的"再边境化"不谋而合。作为与"去边境化"相反的趋势,"再边境化"是人们面对全球化浪潮的一种退缩反应。在美国,这种趋势在九一一事件之后呈现加强态势。美国的"再边境化"不仅体现在增强传统地理边境的壁垒效应上,还表现为强化美国社会中的"身份建构边境",并突出地表现在严苛的移民政策上。合理的"再边境化"可以帮助人们塑造心理舒适区,但过度的"再边境化"可能会使美国加固"美国优先"的观念建构,并带来相应的负面效应。

Issues about the U.S.-Mexico border and immigration policy have become more prominent since President Donald Trump took office.As opposed to debordering,rebordering is a kind of withdrawal reaction by people facing globalization.In the United States,this trend was strengthened after 9/11.Rebordering,in the U.S.is not only reflected in the strengthened barrier effect of traditional geographical borders but also in borders as a form of identity in society,which is manifested in immigration policy.