中俄铁路列车脱轨稳定性判定对比研究

A comparative Study on Stability Judgment of Train Derailment between China and Russia

文章针对中国铁路设计规范和俄罗斯铁路设计规范在铁路列车脱轨稳定性判定上存在差异的问题,结合莫斯科至喀山高速铁路设计项目,在分析研究了俄罗斯铁路规范关于列车脱轨稳定性原理的基础上,对两国规范关于列车脱轨稳定性判断的规定进行了对比。结果表明:俄罗斯规范对于列车脱轨稳定性的判断较中国规范严格。中国规范规定列车脱轨系数P_g/P_b<0. 8,将俄罗斯规范规定的抗脱轨稳定性安全系数公式进行转化后,采用莫喀高速铁路设计中的车辆参数,计算得出列车脱轨系数P_g/P_b<0. 74。因此,建议在莫喀高速铁路设计中,脱轨系数限值按0. 74控制较为合适。

In the light of the difference in the stability judgment of train derailment between Chinese and Russian railway design codes and in combination with the Moscow-Kazan high-speed railway project, the analysis and study is made on the stability principle of train derailment in Russian railway codes and a comparison is made on the regulations on judgment of the stability of train derailment between China and Russia. The results show that the judgment of derailment stability in Russian specifications is stricter than that in Chinese codes. The derailment coefficient Pg/Pb<0.8 is stipulated in the Chinese code. After transforming the safety factor formula of anti-derailment stability stipulated in the Russian code, the derailment coefficient Pg/Pb<0.74 is calculated by using the vehicle parameters in the design of Moscow-Kazan high-speed railway. Therefore, it is suggested that the limit value of derailment coefficient should be controlled at 0.74 in the design of Moscow-Kazan high-speed railway.