从气球到飞机的蜕变:近代日本军事航空力量诞生的历史轨迹

The Evolution from Air Balloon to Aircraft: the Historical Track of the Birth of Japan's Military Aviation Force in Modern Times

日本军事航空力量始于气球的研究与应用。20世纪初,随着欧美航空技术的提高,日本军界人士开始不断关注航空的发展并倡议军方进行研究。1909年7月日本陆海军共同成立了临时军用气球研究会开展此项研究。不过,由于此时军用飞机尚未研发,研究会初期研究的重点是飞船。随着欧美国家军用飞机的出现,日本也逐步转向飞机研究。1914年6月第一次世界大战爆发,日本初兴的航空力量被军方运用于远东战场的对德作战之中,并获取了初步的航空作战经验。航空初战后,日本成立航空大队,标志着其首批航空力量诞生。

Japan’s military aviation force began with the research and application of air balloon. At the beginning of the 20 th century,with the improvement of aviation technology in Europe and America,Japan’s military personages began to pay more attention to the development of aviation and then advocated military research. In July 1909,Japan’s Army and Navy established the Temporary Military Air Balloon Research Society jointly to carry out this research. However,since military aircraft had not been developed at this time,the initial research focused on airship. With the emergence of military aircraft in European countries and America,Japan also gradually turned to aircraft research. In June 1914,when World War I broke out,Japan’s nascent aviation force was used by the military in the Far East battlefield to fight with Germany,and acquired preliminary aviation operational experience. After the initial aviation battle,Japan set up an aviation brigade,marking the birth of its first Military Aviation Force.