马克思共同体思想对“人类命运共同体”的道德观照

The Perspective of Marx's Community Thought for the Thought of “Community of Human Destiny”

如同"自由人的联合体"一样,"人类命运共同体"并不是单纯的认知性、描述性和实证性的命题,而是包含着应然的理想诉求,关涉一定的规范性的命题。那么,如何建构和丰富"人类命运共同体"的道义基础?由于"人类命运共同体"与马克思所提出的"自由人的联合体"都深切关怀人类解放和人类命运,二者在价值诉求上具有一致性,因而可以从马克思共同体思想中开掘出道德意蕴和价值底蕴,以实现对"人类命运共同体"的价值观照。实际上,马克思的"共同体"并不是"道德中立"或"价值无涉"的历史科学概念,马克思共同体思想遵循"事实—价值"的辩证法,在人类历史分析和未来社会价值建构两个层面思考个体与社会的关系,展现了独特的道德意蕴和价值诉求,完全可以为构建"人类命运共同体"的道义制高点奠定坚实基础。

Like the"union of free men",the"community of human destiny"is not a purely cognitive,descriptive and empirical proposition,but contains the ideal aspiration and involves certain normative propositions. Then,how to construct and enrich the moral basis of"human destiny community"? Because both"the community of human destiny"and"the union of free men"put forward by Marx are deeply concerned about human liberation and human destiny,they have the same value appeal,so we can excavate the moral implication and value implication from Marx’s community thought,in order to realize the value consideration of"the community of human destiny". In fact,Marx’s"community"is not a historical scientific concept of"moral neutrality"or"value-free".Marx’s thought of community follows the dialectics of"fact-value". It reflects on the relationship between individual and society at the two levels of human historical analysis and future social value construction,and shows its unique moral implication and value appeal. It can completely construct " human beings". The moral heights of the Communities of Destiny achieved a solid foundation.