洪泛湿地系统地表水与地下水转化研究进展综述

Advances in Surface Water-Groundwater Interactions in Floodplain Wetlands

洪泛湿地地表水(SW)与地下水(GW)转化关系研究对综合管理湿地水资源具有重要的理论和实践意义。通过洪泛湿地SW-GW转化研究进展的综述,可深入了解国内外SW-GW转化研究的发展过程,有利于把握国际研究的主流趋势,系统掌握该方面研究的前沿手段。总结得出,洪泛湿地是我国诸多生态系统中特色突出的水文系统,其独特的水文变化及洪水脉冲的周期性扰动,使得SW-GW转化的动力学过程促进了洪泛湿地环境系统之间物质、能量和信息的传递与交换,驱动了湿地演变、物质元素循环和生物生长等生态功能的实现。分析认为,洪泛湿地的开放性和复杂性等特点决定了多学科交叉理论与方法成为SW-GW转化研究的流行手段和创新的基本思路。从学科发展趋势和应用需求的角度出发,应结合洪泛湿地多源数据信息与SW-GW耦合数值模型,深入揭示洪泛湿地SW-GW转化的动力学过程及对洪水脉冲变化的响应机制,这既是一个基础性工作,也是一个具有前瞻性的研究,将为湿地水资源、水环境等综合管理与调控提供科学依据,对诠释湿地生态效应内涵具有重要意义。

The research on the interactions between surface water(SW) and groundwater(GW) has important significance in theory and practice for comprehensively managing water resources in floodplain wetlands. This paper conducted the review of SW-GW interactions in floodplain wetlands, which provides useful information for understanding the development, trend and methods of SW-GW interactions. Generally, floodplain wetland is a distinctive hydrological system in various ecological systems. The dynamic processes of SW-GW interactions enhance the transfer and exchange for mass, energy and information in floodplain wetlands, which are strongly influenced by the specific hydrological variations and periodic flood pulses in their adjacent surface waterbodies. In addition, the SW-GW interactions have important effects on the eco-hydrology, including the wetland evolution, material cycling and biological growth. The interdisciplinary theories and methods determined by the openess and complexity in floodplain wetlands are becoming the popular strategy to explore the SW-GW interactions. The SW-GW fitted numerical models combined with multisource data can be used to reveal the interactions between floodplain GW and adjacent SW and other associated scientific questions. The outcomes in this study will contribute to the water resources and ecological effects in floodplain wetlands.