探究运动干预对中年女性心肺耐力的影响

Effect of Exercise on Improvement of Cardiopulmonary Endurance in Middle-aged Women

目的通过研究不同运动干预对40～49岁体力活动不足女性心肺耐力的影响,从不同指标揭示心肺耐力的适应变化情况,进而为心肺耐力的运动处方提供数据化的科学依据和参考。方法采用Shapiro-Wilk检验数据正态性,用Three-Way ANOVA进行交互作用和主效应分析。结果从最大摄氧量指标上看,在小量中强度组增加的具有显著性差异(p<0.05);并且在小量大强度组和大量中强度组增加的结果非常显著(p<0.01)。结论每周进行150min的小量中强度运动、 90min的小量大强度运动以及180min大量中强度均能促进体力活动不足中年女性的心肺耐力的提升,其中每周进行90min的小量大强度运动可能是引起心肺耐力提升的最小运动剂量,即强度的作用更大一些,及增大强度后可以缩短运动时间,以达到健康效果。

Objective By studying the effects of different exercise interventions on the cardiopulmonary endurance of women aged 40-49 with physical inactivity, this paper reveals the adaptation of cardiopulmonary endurance from different indicators, and provides a scientific reference for the exercise prescription of cardiopulmonary endurance. Methods Shapiro-Wilk was used to test the normality of the data, and Three-way ANOVA was used to analyze the interaction and main effect. Results In terms of the maximal oxygen uptake index, there was a significant difference between the small and medium intensity groups(p<0.05), and the results of the small-dose high-intensity groups and the large-dose moderate-intensity groups were very significant(p <0.01). Conclusion A small amount of moderate-intensity exercise for 150 mins per week, a small amount of high-intensity exercise for 90 mins and a large amount of moderate-intensity exercise for 180 mins can all promote the improvement of cardiopulmonary endurance of middle-aged women with insuffi-cient physical activity. Among them, a small amount of high-intensity exercise for 90 mins per week may be the lowest exercise dose that causes the improvement of cardiopulmonary endurance, which means the effect of intensity is greater, and increasing intensity can shorten the exercise time to achieve health effects.