基于遥感积雪面积监测的春季融雪型洪水风险分析

Study on Snowmelt Flood Risk in Spring Based on Snow Cover Monitoring of Remote Sensing

利用2002-2016年MODIS的MOD10A2卫星遥感积雪面积监测产品,以呼伦贝尔市为例,对积雪面积变化与融雪型洪水发生风险进行分析。结果表明:呼伦贝尔市的积雪2月从大兴安岭两侧向中部开始融化,5月积雪基本融化,牙克石市、鄂温克旗等地的积雪融化时段集中,融雪型洪水灾害的发生风险较高。从各月积雪融化面积变化来看,由于呼伦贝尔市冬季积雪接近饱和,若2-3月和3-4月积雪融化面积较小,则爆发融雪型洪水的风险将升高,遥感积雪面积监测对春季融雪型洪水风险预判较为有利。

Based on the MOD10A2remote sensing snow cover monitoring products of MODIS from 2002to 2016,taking Hulun Buir as an example,this paper studies the change of snow cover area and the risk of snowmelt flood.Research shows that the snow in Hulun Buir begins to melt from the sides of the Great Khingan to the middle in February.The snow is almost completely melted in May.The snow melting periods in Yakeshi City and Ewenke country are concentrated and the risk of snowmelt flood disasters is high.From the change of snow melting area monthly,because of Hulun Buir city winter snow close to saturation,the risk of snowmelt flood will rise if change of snow melting area is small in February,March and April.Snow cover monitoring of remote sensing is more favorable for the prediction of spring snowmelt flood risk.