肝癌的免疫治疗进展

Progress in immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

近年来,随着生物治疗技术的发展,免疫治疗成为了目前肿瘤治疗研究的热点。肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是最常见的肝脏恶性肿瘤,其治疗以手术、介入治疗、分子靶向治疗以及全身系统化疗等多种治疗手段联合应用,但效果不理想,无进展生存期及中位生存时间仍不尽人意。该文应用Pub Med数据库及中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)检索系统,以"肝细胞癌、免疫治疗、免疫耐受"为关键词进行检索分析,总结了最近几年免疫疗法在肝癌治疗方面中的进展。重点是肝脏免疫系统的特殊性、HCC的免疫耐受性和HCC的免疫治疗策略,包括疫苗适应性治疗、免疫检查点抑制剂和细胞因子,以及靶向治疗联合免疫治疗在肝癌治疗中的应用等方面。希望能为临床医师了解肝癌免疫耐受的机制和HCC免疫治疗的进展和临床疗效提供参考。

In recent years,with the development of biotherapeutic technology,immunotherapy has become a hot spot in current cancer treatment research.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common type of malignant tumor in the liver.The effects of its treatments such as surgery,intervention,molecular targeted therapy and chemotherapy are still unsatisfactory.Progression-free survival and median survival time are still very poor.This study summarizes the progress in the treatment of liver cancers,and the application and clinical effects of immunotherapy in liver cancer.Pub Med and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) search system were used to search for"hepatocellular carcinoma,immunotherapy,immune tolerance",etc.We reviewed the specificity of the liver immune system,HCC immune tolerance and HCC immunotherapy strategies,including vaccines,adaptive treatment,immunological checkpoint inhibitors,cytokines,and targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of liver cancer.I hope this review can provide the mechanism of immune tolerance in liver cancers and the progress and clinical effects of HCC immunotherapy.