德国儿童与青少年专业工作的法律体系

The Legal System of Germany's Professional Children and Adolescent Services“School of Public Administration

社会工作职业化发展的先决条件之一是社会工作立法。从德国社会工作职业化进程来看,德国社会工作立法为促进社会工作职业化提供了先决性的法律依据。本文以德国为例,阐释"儿童与青少年专业工作"的法律体系、思想特征和主要任务。尤其是《社会法典》第八部/《儿童与青少年专业工作法》的主要任务体现于两方面:面向儿童青少年自身的工作和面向其所处社会生态环境的工作,而支持和协助家庭是所有工作的重心。该法典的社会教育学思想、对儿童青少年"成长发展""教育"的科学理解、面向个体与环境工作的双重视角以及以预防为主、兼顾干预的原则,为中国在儿童青少年和家庭工作领域的社会工作立法提供了宝贵的思考框架。

One of the preconditions for the development of the professionalization of social work is the legislation of social work.This paper takes Germany as an example to explain the legal system,ideological characteristics and main tasks of?professional children and adolescent services“.In particular,the main tasks of?Social Law Act“VIII/Law of Professional Children and Adolescent Services(SGB VIII/KJHG)reflect in two aspects:the services for children and adolescent own and the services facing social ecological environment.To support and assist the family is the focus of all of the work.It's social pedagogical ideas,scientific understanding of"growth and development"and"education"for children and adolescents,dual perspectives of individual and environmental work,and the principle of giving priority to prevention and giving consideration to intervention,provide a valuable thinking framework for China's social work legislation in the field of children,adolescents and family work.