周至县2014—2017年手足口病流行病学调查及分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhouzhi County from 2014 to 2017

目的分析周至县2014—2017年手足口病的流行病学特点。方法以《中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中周至县2014年1月至2017年12月上报的手足口病例的个案调查资料为来源,对手足口病流行情况如年龄、性别、发病时间及地区特点等进行统计观察。结果 5～7月为周至县手足口病高发时期。男性的发病率高于女性,1～4岁为高发年龄,散居儿童和幼托儿童为高发人群,农村的发病率高于城市。病原菌检测结果显示,以EV71病毒阳性为主。疱疹主要分布于手足和口腔,发热主要集中在38～39℃。结论周至县的手足口病以普通病例为主,5～7月为高发时期,1～4岁的散居儿童和幼托儿童是高发人群,EV71为主要病毒,应采取综合性防控措施以控制疫情。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhouzhi County from 2014 to 2017. Methods The data of hand-foot-mouth cases reported by Zhouzhi County from January 2014 to December 2017 in China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System were used as the source of the cases. The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease such as age, gender, time of onset and regional characteristic were statistically observed. Results From May to July was the high incidence period of hand-foot-mouth disease. The morbidity of male was higher than that of female, 1-4 years old was the age of high incidence, diaspora children and children in kindergartens were at high risk, the morbidity of rural was higher than that of urban. The detection results of pathogenic bacteria showed that EV71 viruses was the main positive strain. Herpes was mainly distributed in the hands, feet and mouth,and fever mainly concentrated at 38-39 ℃. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhouzhi County is high from May to July. The children aged 1-4 years in the diaspora and in kindergartens are at high risk, and the EV71 is the main virus. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the epidemic situation.