一维ZnO纳米材料的制备技术研究

Study on the Preparation Technology of One-Dimensional ZnO Nanomaterials

ZnO是一种良好的半导体材料,可以很容易通过形貌的控制以及金属和非金属离子掺杂而获得更佳的光电性质。ZnO的导电性比TiO_2高几个数量级,有利于电子的快速传输,在低温下易于溶解处理,具有较稳定的结构,而且可以应用不同的技术制备成各种形貌,如纳米棒、纳米片等。与传统ZnO粉体相比,一维的ZnO纳米材料具有较高的长径比、更高的电子密度和较低的功函数,在太阳能电池、光催化领域有着重要应用前景。为研究易于制备、成本较低的ZnO纳米材料制备技术,详细列举和对比了较成熟的7种ZnO纳米材料的制备技术,为以上研究领域学者提供参考。

ZnO is a good semiconductor material, which can easily control the morphology and obtain better photoelectric properties by doping metal and non-metal ions. The conductivity of ZnO is several orders of magnitude higher than that of TiO2, which is conducive to the rapid transmission of electrons. Moreover, ZnO is easy to be dissolved at low temperature and has a relatively stable structure. Moreover, it can be prepared into various morphologies such as nanorods and nanosheets by different technologies. Compared with traditional ZnO powders, one-dimensional ZnO nanomaterials have higher aspect ratio, higher electron density and lower work function, and have important application prospects in the fields of solar cells and photocatalysis. In order to study the preparation technology of ZnO nanomaterials that are easy to prepare and low cost, 7 relatively mature preparation technologies of ZnO nanomaterials are listed and compared in detail, which will serve as a reference for scholars in the above research fields.