自噬在肺癌中的研究进展

Research advances of autophagy in lung cancer

肺癌全称为原发性支气管肺癌(primary bronchogenic carcinoma),是最常见恶性肿瘤之一。尽管近年来各种新的治疗手段不断问世,肺癌患者的整体预后仍不理想,5年生存率仅为18%左右,亟需寻找更好的治疗手段。自噬(autophagy)一词源自于古代希腊语"auto"(自我)与"phagein"(吞噬)的结合,是真核生物中高度保守的依赖于溶酶体的降解过程,细胞可通过分解自身受损或多余的细胞器和细胞质来维持内环境的稳态。随着对自噬研究的深入,越来越多证据表明,自噬在肺癌的发生发展中起极为关键的作用,有望成为肺癌治疗的新靶点。本文就自噬的机制及自噬在肺癌中的研究进展进行综述。

Lung cancer is called primary bronchogenic carcinoma, and is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite the continuous emergence of new treatments in recent years, the overall prognosis of lung cancer patients was still unsatisfactory and the five-year survival rate is only about 18%. Hence, it’s urgent to find better treatments. The word ’’autophagy’’ is derived from the combination of the ancient Greek "auto" and "phagein". It is a highly conserved lysosomal-dependent degradation process in eukaryotes, in which cells can maintain homeostasis by degrading their own damaged or redundant organelles and cytoplasm. With the deepening of autophagy research, more and more evidence indicate that autophagy plays a crucial role in the development of lung cancer and is expected to become a new target for lung cancer treatment. This review summaries the mechanism of autophagy and the research progress of autophagy in lung cancer.