围产期奶牛高酮血症血液生化指标的监测

Monitoring of blood biochemical indicators related to hyperketonemia in peripartum dairy cows

本试验选取30头年龄、胎次相近的健康围产期荷斯坦奶牛,根据分娩时间选取产前21 d、14 d、7 d、分娩当天和产后7 d、14 d、21 d共7个时间点,跟踪分析围产期奶牛部分血液生化指标变化规律。另选取171头年龄、胎次相近的围产期奶牛,根据测定的部分血液生化指标,筛选出高酮血症组(10头)与健康奶牛对照组(10头)进行统计学分析,找出与高酮血症相关性血液生化指标并进行ROC诊断评价,得出Cut-off point值。最后分析疾病危险因素,以OR值评价该指标对判定疾病的危险系数。结果表明,高酮血症组产前无发病,在产后14 d达最高发生率(10%),随后下降至4.8%,从时间来看,高酮血症的发生一般在分娩后1～3周,产后14 d最高;确定了高酮血症诊断的首选指标为BHBA、NEFA,辅助指标及cut-point值分别为DBIL(1.15 mmol/L)、AST(73.50 IU/L);危险因素分别为NEFA(OR=7.72),TG(OR=7.03),GGT(OR=6.71),LDH(OR=4.45),P(OR=6.23)。本试验为建立完整有效的奶牛群体监测体系对预防围产期奶牛生产性疾病具有现实意义。

According to the expected date of delivery,we selected 30 2-6 year old pregnant healthy Holstein cows to monitor the changes of blood biochemical indicators at day 21,14,and 7 before delivery,the day of delivery,and Day 7,14,and 21 after delivery.In addition,171 2-6 year old perinatal healthy Holstein cows were selected.And then,based on the level of ketone 10 cows with high level of ketone were selected as hyperketonemia group(n=10)a nd healthy cow group(n=10)by the measurement of blood biochemical indicators.In order to evaluate diagnostic effect of blood biochemical indicators on the above three diseases,correlation analysis,ROC diagnostic evaluation and the disease risk factors were analyzed.The results were as follow:Hyperketonemia occurred at 1-3 weeks postpartum,and the highest incidence was at 14 days postpartum(10%).The chief indicator for hyperketonemia was BHBA,NEFA and GLU,and reference indicators included DBIL,AST,LDH and GGT.The cut-points were 1.15 L of DBIL and 73.50 IU/L of AST.Risk factors for hyperketonemia were NEFA(OR=7.72),TG(OR=7.03),GGT(OR=6.708),LDH(OR=4.45),and P(OR=6.23).It is concluded that perinatal cows generally develop physiological negative energy balance and negative calcium balance.Hyperketonemia mainly occurs during perinatal period.First three weeks postpartum is the monitoring time point of hyperketonemia.