植物生长调节剂对烤烟上部叶质量的影响

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco

为深入了解植物生长调节剂对烤烟上部叶生理生化特性的影响,选择氯吡苯脲、IAA、乙烯利、缩节胺4种生长调节剂,以云烟87为试验材料,对上部叶农艺性状、组织结构、光合参数、叶绿素含量、过氧化指标相关酶类、糖碱含量及烤后感官质量进行测定分析。结果表明,喷施生长调节剂对上部叶开片、组织结构和光合性能均有影响,其中氯吡苯脲的效果最好,与CK相比,打顶后喷施氯吡苯脲叶面积增加6.31%,长宽比减小3.17%,海栅比增加5.88%;同时净光合速率提高3.36%,叶绿素含量增加14.04%,进而促进碳水化合物的合成,提高糖碱比,改善上部叶烤后感官质量。此外,氯吡苯脲、IAA能延缓上部叶衰老,乙烯利和缩节胺则促进上部叶衰老。综合来看,喷施氯吡苯脲能够改善上部叶开片、组织结构及感官质量,提高上部叶质量。

In order to understand the effects of plant growth regulators on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco, four growth regulators including chlorpyrifos, IAA, ethephon and ketamine were selected, and upper leaves of Yunyan 87 were used as the test materials. Agronomic traits, leaf structure, photosynthesis parameters, chlorophyll content, peroxidation index related enzymes, sugar and alkali content and sensory quality after baking were measured and analyzed. The results showed that spraying growth regulator had a significant effect on the opening condition, tissue structure and photosynthetic performance of the upper tobacco leaves. Among the growth regulators, clopidogrel had the best effect. Compared with CK, with the application of chlorpyrifos after topping, the area increased by 6.31%, the aspect ratio decreased by 3.17%, and the sea-gate ratio increased by 5.88%. At the same time, the net photosynthetic rate increased by 3.36%, and the chlorophyll content increased by 14.04%, which promoted the synthesis of carbohydrates, increased the ratio of sugar to alkali, and improved the post-curing sensory quality of upper leaves. In addition, chlorpromazine and IAA can significantly delay senescence of the upper leaves, while ethephon and ketamine promote senescence of the upper leaves. Taken together, the application of chlorpyrifos can improve the opening, tissue structure and sensory quality of the upper tobacco leaves, and improve the quality of the upper tobacco leaves.