中国苦苣苔科植物的分类系统历史变化——兼论该科植物在我国合格发表的新分类群与国家级分布新记录情况分析

The Historical Changes in the Classification of Chinese Gesneriaceae: On the Analysis of New Taxonomic Group Qualifiedly Published in China and New Records of National Distribution of This Family

我国苦苣苔科植物的生物多样性十分丰富,且我国该科植物特有属和种的比率十分高。基于现代分子系统学,近年来对苦苣苔科分类系统的修订巨大而频繁。自2011年以来属一级水平上的撤销、合并、扩增等修订与再修订工作多次进行。到目前为止,我国苦苣苔科植物的最新系统分类已经基本能较好地反映出我国该科植物的自然演化。此外,近年来该科新分类群的大量发表,从另外一个侧面反映出我国苦苣苔科的物种多样性仍待进一步深入研究。本文将自2011年以来涉及我国苦苣苔科植物的属一级水平的修订进行归纳和整理,详尽解释介绍亚科水平上的系统新框架,修订前后属一级水平上的拆解、归并、迁移和撤销。专著《中国苦苣苔科植物》是对我国2005年之前苦苣苔科植物多样性研究的一个阶段性总结。基于这个基础,我们针对自2005年1月至2018年12月这14年内中国苦苣苔科植物新分类群和国家级分布新纪录发表情况进行分析,发现该时间段内我国的苦苣苔科植物比2005年报道的520种(含种下等级)新增194种(含种下等级,含国家级分布新记录)。截至2018年12月31日,我国的苦苣苔科植物物种数量已达714种(含种下等级)。

The biodiversity of Gesneriaceae plants in China is very bountiful,and the ratio of endemic genera and species in this family is very high. Based on modern molecular systematics,the revision of the classification system of the genus Gesneriaceae has been large and frequent in recent years. The revision and re-revision (including cancelling,merging,removing and expanding) to genera / species of Chinese Gesneriaceae occur several times since 2011. So far,the latest systematic classification of Gesneriaceae plants in China has basically reflected the natural evolution in this family. In addition,in recent years,a large number of new taxonomic group in Gesneriaceae from China have been published,and from another aspect,it reflects that the species diversity of the genus Gesneriaceae in China still needs further to be studied. This paper summarized and sorted out the genus-level revision that involved Chinese Gesneriaceae plants since 2011,and explained and introduced in detail the new system framework at the subfamily level and the dismantling,merging,migrating and cancelling at the genus-level before and after the revision. The monograph,plants of Gesneriaceae in China,was a phased summary of the study on the biodiversity of Chinese Gesneriaceae before 2005. Based on this,we analyzed the new taxonomic group and the new records of national distribution of the Chinese Gesneriaceae from January 2005 to December 2018, and found that the Chinese Gesneriaceae plants added 194 species (including infraspecies,including new records of national distribution) than the 520 species (including infraspecies) reported in 2005. As of December 31,2018, the number of species of the Chinese Gesneriaceae had reached 714 (including infraspecies).