基于物理模拟试验的滑坡涌浪波幅预测研究综述

Review of wave amplitude prediction generatedby landslide based on physical experiments

滑坡涌浪是海洋、水库和河道中重要的灾害类型,对大坝及沿岸居民的生命和财产造成严重威胁。涌浪波波幅是一个滑坡涌浪灾害评价的重要参数,物理模拟试验是涌浪波主要的研究方法之一。本文基于近几十年来滑坡涌浪物理模拟试验的研究成果,归纳了国内外滑坡涌浪试验的主要滑体模型和水体模型,分析了块体模型和散体模型的参数特征,探讨了水体模型中二维模型试验和三维模型试验的河道特征。结合滑坡模型和水体模型,总结分析了影响滑坡涌浪波幅的控制参数,梳理了不同试验条件下所建立的最大波幅和波高的预测模型。

Landslide-generated wave is a destructivenatural hazard in the ocean,reservoir,river channel. Water wave generated by landslides pose a very dangerous threat to dam structures, agricultural areas, coastal properties, and human communities living on the shorelines of seas, rivers and artificial reservoirs. The wave amplitude is a very important parameter for tsunami prediction and hazard mitigation. Physical model experiment is one of main methodsforwave amplitude predictions.This paper firstlysummarizesthetwo slide types and four water models based the studies of landslide generated wave experiments. Then, making a review for the affecting factors and predicted functionsof the maximum wave amplitude and height.Finally, some problems in experimental study of wave characteristics are discussed in this review.