施工人员安全态度及其组分对行为的影响

Influence of Safety Attitude and Its Components on Construction Workers' Safety Behaviour

为解释行为的认知决策过程,了解影响途径,本研究将安全态度分解为认知、情感和行为三个组分,构建施工人员不安全行为意向影响因素修正模型,采用问卷调查进行实证分析。共400名地铁施工人员参与本次研究,回收问卷376份,可利用问卷173份,使用AMOS构建结构方程模型,对不安全行为倾向的影响因素进行验证。结果显示情感态度和行为态度均对行为倾向有显著影响,而认知态度对安全行为有直接显著影响,但对行为倾向没有直接影响。研究结果表明,安全态度三组分对行为倾向和行为的影响途径并不完全相同,安全态度的改变不仅与安全氛围有关,也与安全知识和技能增加有关,可以在安全培训过程中潜移默化地得到改善。

In order to further explain the cognitive decision-making process of safe behavior, understand its impacts, the research empirically analyzed safety attitude by decomposing it into three components, namely cognitive attitude, emotional attitude and behavioral attitude, and constructed a revised model of the influencing factors of unsafe behavior intentions on theory of planned behavior (TPB). A total of 400 subway construction workers participated in the questionnaire survey, and 376 questionnaires were collected, out of which 173 questionnaires were available for further data analysis. The structural equation model was constructed with AMOS, and the influencing factors of unsafe behavior intention were verified. The results showed that in the three components of safety attitude, both the emotional attitude and the behavioral attitude had significant influence on behavioral intention , while safety cognitive attitude had a direct and significant influence on safety behavior, rather than on behavioral intention. This research showed that the three components of safety attitude had different ways of affecting behavior intention and behavior. The change of safety attitude is not only related to the safety atmosphere, but also related to the increase of safety knowledge and skills.