如何理解批判的语境经验主义中的多样性?

How Should We Understand Diversity in Critical Contextual Empiricism?

科学共同体中的多样性在海伦·朗基诺的批判的语境经验主义(CCE)中发挥了特定的作用。虽然朗基诺似乎认为参与者的多样性对于可转变的批判很重要——这对客观性而言也是至关重要的,但目前尚不清楚它是否可以在CCE提出的四个标准下得到保证。参与者的多样性是客观性的必要条件,并且有必要作为CCE的第五个标准。这可以通过完善CCE的规范来实现,以始终如一地融入有关多样性的承诺。

This paper examines the role that diversity within scientific communities plays in Helen Longino’s critical contextual empiricism (CCE). While Longino seems to assume that diversity of participants is important for the kind of transformative criticism that is crucial for objectivity, it is not clear that it is guaranteed by the four community norms for objectivity posited by CCE. This paper argues that diversity among participants is a necessary condition for objectivity and needed as a distinct fifth criteria for CCE. This can be accomplished by refining CCE’s criteria to consistently incorporate a commitment to diversity.