社会化批评空间的语境论建构与拓展

On the Contextual Construction of Socialized Critical Space and Its Expansion

海伦·朗基诺的批评的语境经验主义(CCE)通过诉诸主体间的话语互动及其规范,建构了一个追求客观性的社会化批评空间。然而,这个社会化空间所刻画的知识生产图景建立在话语互动的基础之上,并不能充分说明科学知识的客观性,因而其规范性条款的有效性遭到了质疑。一种关注科学技能性知识的实践拓展从行动层面重新考察了非充分决定性论题,不仅可以回应先前的问题,而且可以升华朗基诺的理论旨趣。

Helen Longino’s“ Critical Contextual Empiricism” is one of the most sophisticated attempts to defend a social theory of science. Based on the social dimension of scientific knowledge, CCE constructs a critical space integrating cognitive norms and contextual values, and improves the objectivity of knowledge through the discourse interaction between subjects. On this view, her socialized critical space is characterized by openness, contextuality and interactivity. It can help to eliminate prejudice and warrant objectivity by degree of knowledge. However, CCE and its norms have met with some skepticism. They were summarized into three aspects in this article:(1) individualism or relativism about knowledge production;(2) the framework of social norms is too optimistic about the production of objective knowledge;(3) the contextual objectivity is an insightful idea.