后乡土社会背景下乡村振兴的策略与路径——基于内生发展的分析视角

The Strategy and Path of Rural Revitalization under the Background of Post-local Society——An Analytical Perspective Based on Endogenous Development

党的十九大报告首次提出乡村振兴战略,乡村发展迎来了新一轮历史机遇。经过近百年的历史嬗变,在工业与城市优先的依附式发展模式之下,我国乡村已从乡土社会步入后乡土社会。后乡土社会仍然存续"熟人社会"的物质载体和文化内核,但已呈现农业边缘化、社会原子化、人口外流的衰落之势。实现乡村真正振兴,应改变过去过分倚重城市市场的思路,充分调动农村与城市两个市场的活力,走内生式自主发展道路。基于后乡土社会的现实,实现乡村振兴的内生式发展,需要从两个层面展开:一是乡村共同体重建,二是以农村现代化、社会质量和乡村特色为导向的农业农村现代化发展。因此,后乡土社会中的乡村发展与振兴应从文化、产业、人口等方面综合改革和推进,使农村在传统与现代的碰撞与融合、自然与人文的互嵌与交融、经济与社会的协同与互促中提升内生发展能力、创造发展机会、增强发展获得感。

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China first proposed a strategy for rural revitalization,and rural development ushered in a new round of historical opportunities.After nearly a hundred years of historical change,under the Industry- and city-first development model,China's rural areas have stepped into the post-local society from the local society.The post-local society still survives the material carrier and cultural core of the “acquaintance society”,but it has shown the decline of agricultural marginalization,social atomization,and population outflow.To realize the real revitalization of the village,we should change the way of relying too much on the urban market in the past,fully mobilize the vitality of the two markets of rural and urban areas,and take the development road of endogenous and independent.Based on the reality of post-village society,the endogenous development of rural revitalization needs to be carried out from two levels:one is the reconstruction of rural communities,and the other is the development of agricultural and rural modernization oriented by rural modernization,social quality and rural characteristics.Therefore,the rural development and revitalization in post-village society should be comprehensively reformed and promoted from the aspects of culture,industry and population,so that the rural areas will enhance the endogenous development capacity,create development opportunities,and enhance development gains in the collision and integration of tradition and modernity,the intertwining and blending of nature and humanity,and the synergy and mutual promotion of economy and society.