锥体开缝对水力旋流器固液分离性能的影响

Influence of slit structure in hydrocyclone conical section on solid-liquid separation performance

设计了一种新型锥体切向开缝结构的水力旋流器,并针对锥体开缝长度、位置、数量以及开缝型式对水力旋流器分离性能的影响开展了实验研究。研究结果表明:锥体开缝会使水力旋流器的压降大幅降低;开缝长度由10 mm增大到50 mm的过程中,分离效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,开缝长度为20 mm时最佳;第二条缝隙的开缝位置由锥体底部向上移动的过程中,分离效率也呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,距底部缝隙80 mm时分离效率最高;保持出口截面积不变,在底部开6 mm长的缝隙,另外在最佳开缝位置处开一条长缝隙时的分离效率最高,且与底部缝隙呈反方向分布是最优的开缝型式,与常规水力旋流器对比,在高流量下其分离效率仅降低了1.48%,但压降降低可达36.84%,节能效果显著,具有重要的应用价值。

A new type of hydrocyclone with a tangentially slitted structure is designed. The experimental study on the effect of the length, position, number and style of the slit on the separation performance of the hydrocyclone is carried out. It is shown that compared with the traditional hydrocyclone, the pressure drop of the slit-cone hydrocyclone is significantly reduced. The separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone tends to increase at first and then decrease when the length of the slit increases from 10 mm to 50 mm, and an optimal slit length of 20 mm is observed. In the process of moving the 20 mm slit upward from the first 6 mm slit at the bottom of the cone, the influence of the second slit position on the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone is similar to that of the slit length. That is to say, it tends to increase at first and then decrease, and there is an optimal distance of 80 mm between the first slit and the second one. When keeps the cross-section area of the slits equaling to that of underflow in the traditional hydrocyclone under the conditions of optimized slit length and position, it is found that the separation efficiency of one slit in the cone is better than that of two, and the style of two-slits located at opposite direction is the best among all the cases investigated. Compared with the classical hydrocyclone, the separation efficiency in the optimal slit-cone hydrocyclone can decrease only 1.48% while the absolute pressure drop can reduce as high as 36.84% at a high flow rate. Therefore, it is a promising hydrocyclone for industrial applications to save energy consumption.