中国制造企业国际化网络式成长模式的动力机制——华为、吉利和万向案例比较

在我国制造企业国际化网络式成长模式中,全球生产网络(Global Production Networks, GPNs)、制度环境、企业资源和企业战略四大动力要素共同作用形成了企业成长的复杂动力机制。本文利用横向多案例研究方法对我国三家本土企业华为、吉利和万向国际化成长过程的比较分析验证和说明了这一动力系统理论。GPNs下我国制造企业网络化成长可分为两类:自主发展型企业和网络嵌入型企业,GPNs对不同类型企业和企业不同发展阶段存在着差异化的作用机制;三家企业的发展战略都体现出对外部环境的能动性适应,网络成长模式是企业国际化发展的优化战略;GPNs的演进不断为企业提升内部专有能力和网络优势创造机会;GPNs发展状况和潜在机会、国内制度环境以及企业资源能力三者成为企业战略制定的根本和依据,而企业战略对三者也具有能动作用,我国制造企业可以利用生产网络综合动力系统促进创新。

In the internationalized network growth model of manufacturing enterprises in China,there are four basic elements for the dynamic system of enterprise growth including the global production networks(Global Production,Networks,GPNs),the institutional environment,the enterprise resources and the enterprise strategy.The comparative analysis of international growth process for three local enterprises Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.,Geely and Wanxiang Group in China verifies and explains the dynamic system theory.The research shows that,under the condition of the global production network of Chinese manufacturing enterprises can be divided into two categories:independent development enterprises and network embedded enterprises.There are different mechanisms of action for different types of enterprises and different development phrases.The development strategies of the three enterprises all reflect the dynamic adaption to the external environment,and the network growth mode is the optimization strategy for the internationalization development of enterprises.The evolution of GPNs continues to create opportunities for enterprises to enhance their internal proprietary capabilities and network advantages.The GPNs development state and potential opportunities,the domestic institutional environment and the enterprise resource capability have become the foundation and basis for the formulation of enterprise strategy,and the enterprise strategy also has a dynamic effect on the three.China's manufacturing enterprises can use the production network integrated dynamic system to promote innovation.