离子液体改性漂珠对聚氨酯复合材料的燃烧及热解行为影响研究

Combustion Behavior and Thermal Degradation Properties of Polyurethane Composites Based on Modified Floating Beads with Ionic Liquid

利用离子液体[EOOEMIm][PF_6]对粉煤灰漂珠(FB)进行改性,制得了一种新型阻燃剂(FB@[EOOEMIm][PF_6]),并应用于热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)当中。采用烟密度仪(SDT)、锥形量热仪(CCT)、热重红外联用(TG-IR)等手段研究了复合材料的燃烧及热降解性能。SDT实验表明,在无焰或有焰条件下,FB@[EOOEMIm][PF_6]均能够增加TPU复合材料的光通量。CCT实验表明,FB@[EOOEMIm][PF_6]能够使得TPU复合材料的生烟速率(SPR)、总生烟量(TSR)、热释放速率(HRR)等参数较纯FB阻燃TPU显著降低,因而降低材料的生热及生烟性能。热重(TG)及热重红外联用(TG-IR)实验结果显示,FB@[EOOEMIm][PF_6]能够提高TPU复合材料的热稳定性,降低烟颗粒及有毒、有害气体的生成。所有实验结果证实,FB@[EOOEMIm][PF_6]在提高TPU的燃烧及热降解性能方面将会有较好的前景。

In this paper, a new type of flame retardant (FB@[EOOEMIm][PF 6]) was prepared by modifying fly-ash floating beads (FB) with ionic liquid [EOOEMIm][PF 6] and applied in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Then, the combustion and thermal degradation properties of the composites was evaluated using smoke density test (SDT), cone calorimeter test (CCT) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR), respectively.The SDT results indicated that FB@[EOOEMIm][PF 6] could improve the luminous flux of TPU composites in the test with or without flame. The CCT results demonstrated that the smoke production rate (SPR),total smoke release (TSR) and heat release rate(HRR)of the composites with FB@[EOOEMIm][PF 6] were significantly decreased than those of the composites with FB. Thus, the heat and smoke generation properties of the materials were decreased. The TG and TG-IR results showed that the thermal stability of TPU composites was improved by FB@[EOOEMIm][PF 6] and the production of smoke particles, toxic and harmful gas were also reduced. All above results illustrated that FB@[EOOEMIm][PF 6] would have a good prospect in improving the combustion and thermal degradation properties of TPU.