甘蔗赤腐病发生流行特点及防控对策

Epidemic Characteristics and Control Strategies of Sugarcane Red Rot

由镰孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum falcatum Went.)引起的甘蔗赤腐病是一种重要的流行性真菌病害,大面积流行爆发会给甘蔗生产造成巨大损失,目前对该病害药剂防控效果不理想。而且甘蔗长期连作,近年来气候多变,为甘蔗赤腐病的发生流行创造了有利条件,该病害在各蔗区时常流行发生,为害日趋严重,严重影响甘蔗生产。本文结合田间调查分析了甘蔗赤腐病的发生流行特点,结合国内外最新研究成果提出以选种抗病品种为主,用木霉菌、假单胞菌、芽孢杆菌等生物防治剂进行蔗种及土壤处理进行预防,关键时期及时施药,同时加强田间管理等科学有效综合协调防控措施,以期为我国甘蔗赤腐病的防控提供理论依据,有效控制该病害大面积发生流行。

Sugarcane red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went is an important epidemical fungal disease. The outbreak of large-scale epidemics could cause huge losses to sugarcane production. At present, the pesticide control effect is not ideal to the disease. Moreover, long-term continuous cropping and changeable climate in recent years has created favorable conditions for the occurrence of red rot, which often occurs in various sugarcane planting areas, meanwhile, the damage is becoming more and more serious, and seriously affects the sugarcane production. In this paper, the epidemic characteristics of sugarcane red rot were reviewed in combination with the field investigation. To provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of red rot in China and effectively control the widespread occurrence of the disease, we reviewed the latest research results at home and abroad, and proposed a focus on selecting resistant varieties, and an enhancement by biological control agents such as Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. to treat the seed cane and soil, timely application of chemical pesticide in critical periods, and strengthen scientific and effective comprehensive coordinated prevention and control measures such as field management against red rot.