增生性瘢痕小鼠模型的建立及评价

Establishment and evaluation of hypertrophic scar mouse model

目的探讨采用新型造模方法在小鼠耳腹面建立增生性瘢痕动物模型的可行性。方法将28只雌性ICR小鼠分为实验组(n=14)和对照组(n=14),对照组小鼠不作处理。实验组利用角膜环钻分别在14只小鼠双耳腹面创建Ф=3.5 mm的皮肤全层缺损(保留软骨),再用可吸收手术缝线将小鼠双耳贴背缝合,待创面上皮化后进行大体、HE染色和Masson染色观察,采用温哥华瘢痕定量表评估增生情况。结果造模14 d后,实验组27只鼠耳创面(27/28)产生了增生斑块。根据温哥华瘢痕量表对28只鼠耳增生程度进行评估,实验组小鼠耳部瘢痕在厚度、血管分布、色泽、柔软度上得分高于对照组(P<0.05)。HE染色显示实验组鼠耳真皮层增生活跃,表皮下伴有大量结缔组织增生。实验组增生性瘢痕组织纤维细胞层为(61.8±42.5)层多于对照组的(9.5±1.9)层(P<0.05)。Masson染色显示,实验组瘢痕处真皮层增生细胞间产生大量胶原沉积,排列紊乱,胶原纤维粗大致密。结论本研究创建的小鼠增生性瘢痕模型成功率高,方法经济简便,建模时间短。

Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing hypertrophic scar animal model in mouse ear and abdomen by new modeling method. Methods 28 female ICR mice were divided into an experimental group (n=14) and a control group (n=14), and the control mice were left untreated.A corneal trepan was used to create a full-thickness defect (retaining cartilage) with Ф=3.5 mm in the ventral surface of both ears of the 14 mice in the experimental group, and then the mouse ears was sutured with absorbable surgical sutures. After the wound surface was epithelialized,the Gross,HE staining and Masson staining were performed and the proliferation was assessed by using a Vancouver quantitative table. Results 14 days after model-establishing,27 ears (27/28) of the mice in the experimental group developed hyperplasia.The degree of hyperplasia in 28 ears of these mice was evaluated according to Vancouver quantitative table,and the result showed that the score of thickness,vascular distribution,color and softness of ear scar in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group ( P <0.05).HE staining showed that hyperplasia of the auricular dermis was active in the experimental group,accompanied by a large number of connective tissue hyperplasia under the epidermis.The fibroblast layer of hypertrophic scar tissue in the experimental group was (61.8±42.5),which was higher than that in the control group (9.5±1.9)( P <0.05). Masson staining showed that in the experimental group,a large amount of collagen deposition was generated, which was organized disorderly,between hyperplasia cells of the dermis in the scar area,and the collagenous fibers were thick and dense. Conclusion The mouse hypertrophic scar model established in this study has a high success rate,simple and economical method and short modeling time.