湖南水稻主栽品种分布研究

Study on Distribution of Main Rice Varieties in Hunan

在定义水稻主栽品种及主产区的基础上,对近5年湖南6类水稻主栽品种及其时空演变特征进行了分析。结果表明:各类水稻主栽品种集聚度差异显著,常规早稻>常规中稻>常规晚稻>杂交晚稻>杂交早稻>杂交中稻;常规早稻、常规中稻、杂交晚稻主要分布在洞庭湖区,杂交早稻主要分布在湘南地区,杂交中稻主要分布在大湘西地区,常规晚稻主要分布在长株潭地区,各主产区集聚度差异明显;各类水稻主栽品种面积演变趋势基本一致;少数水稻主栽品种具有季别广适性;水稻主栽品种普遍存在生命周期现象;提出了优化湖南水稻主栽品种结构和区域布局的建议。

On the basis of defining main rice varieties and main producing areas, six types of main rice varieties in Hunan Province in recent five years and their spatial and temporal evolution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in aggregation degree among main rice varieties, i. e., conventional early rice > conventional middle rice > conventional late rice > hybrid late rice > hybrid early rice > hybrid middle rice. Conventional early rice, conventional middle rice and hybrid late rice mainly distribute in Dongting Lake area, hybrid early rice mainly in southern Hunan area, hybrid middle rice mainly distributed in Western Hunan area, conventional late rice mainly in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area, and the aggregation degree of each main producing area was obviously different. The area evolution trend of main rice varieties was basically the same. A few main rice varieties had wide seasonal adaptability. Produce life cycle is a common phenomenon in main rice varieties. Suggestions on optimizing the structure and regional distribution of main rice varieties in Hunan were put forward.