国内外预应力混凝土轨枕强度检验标准对比研究

Comparative Study on Domestic and Foreign Standards for Strength Test of Prestressed Concrete Sleepers

总结国内外预应力混凝土轨枕强度检验标准,分析世界主要国家和地区混凝土轨枕标准体系之间的差异,就混凝土轨枕强度检验项目、支承图式及检验荷载计算方法进行详细对比。分析结果表明,各国混凝土轨枕标准体系、检验项目和支承图式存在差异,我国铁路混凝土轨枕标准对于各型产品检验要求规定比较详细具体,但在标准的系统性和概括性方面仍存在不足。在轨枕强度检验荷载的计算过程中,中国和日本混凝土轨枕强度检验是基于轨枕设计承载能力进行检验,而欧洲和北美地区混凝土轨枕强度检验是基于现场承载要求检验,在混凝土轨枕标准国际化过程中需注意该差异。

The purpose of this study is to summarize the test standards for the strength of prestressed concrete sleeper in China and other countries, and to provide technical information for standard internationalization of concrete sleepers in China. In the course of the study, the differences between the standards of the concrete sleepers in major countries and regions around the world are analyzed, and then detailed comparison is made between the strength test items of the concrete sleeper, the supporting requirements and the calculation method of test load. The analysis results show that the standard system of concrete sleepers, test items and supporting requirements are different in various countries. The standard of railway concrete sleepers in China offers more detailed and specific requirements for the inspection of various types of products, but there are still shortcomings in systematicness and generality. In the calculation of sleeper strength test load, the strength test of concrete sleepers in China and Japan is based on the designed bearing capacity of the sleeper, while, that in Europe and North America is based on test site bearing requirements. Thus, the differences in the standardization of the concrete sleeper should be addressed.