京津冀蔬菜供应链主要环节利益分配机制研究

Study on Benefit Allocation Mechanism of Vegetable Supply Chain Under the Background of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration

京津冀一体化深入推进,河北省与北京、天津市蔬菜供应链日益紧密,并超越山东省成为北京市蔬菜主要供应地,但京津冀蔬菜供应链存在利益分配机制不合理、供应链成员合作化程度低等问题。以京津冀蔬菜供应链中合作社、批发商及零售商为研究主体,以六种品类蔬菜供应链为例,通过公平协调度模型研究蔬菜供应链主体利益分配问题。研究表明,合作社单位蔬菜利润大于批发商和零售商,但综合利润率较低,总收益最低。生产环节合作社位于河北省,农民收入和政府财政收入较低;批发商和零售商单位经营成本大于合作社种植成本,但零售商综合利润率最高,总收益也最高,批发商次之。批发、零售环节主要经营地位于北京市,居民收入和政府财政收入较高。京津冀蔬菜供应链利益分配机制处于不协调区间,形成"马太效应"。基于此,提出建立京津冀蔬菜供应链发展基金、建立农村三次产业融合发展示范区以及组建京津冀农业供应链集团的政策建议。

Under the background of the integration of Beijing-TianJin-Hebei,the relationship between Hebei and Beijing's vegetable supply chain was becoming more and more closer.Nowadays,Hebei Province had surpassed Shandong Province and became the main vegetables supply place of Beijing.However,the supply chain of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei was faced with the irrational distribution mechanism of interest and the low degree of cooperation among the members of the supply chain.Taking the cooperatives,wholesalers and retailers in the vegetable supply chain of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei as the research subject,then took six categories of vegetable supply chain as examples to study the interests distribution of three subjects from cooperatives,wholesalers and retailers in the vegetable supply chain through a fair coordination degree model.The results showed that the profit gained by cooperatives was greater than wholesalers and retailers,but the overall cost profit was still lower and the overall income was the lowest.Wholesalers and retailers'unit operating costs were greater than cooperatives,but retailers'comprehensive cost and profit rate were the highest,followed by wholesalers.By comparison,the wholesale and retail links were mainly located in Beijing,with corresponding residents'income and high government revenue.The profit distribution mechanism of Beijing Tianjin Hebei vegetable supply chain was mostly in the uncoordinated range,forming the Matthew effect in the supply chain.So it was required that establishing Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei vegetable supply chain development fund and setting up the supply chain group,then setting up demonstration zones for rural Integration and development of primary,secondary and tertiary industries.