不良同伴交往与儿茶酚胺氧位甲基转移酶基因的交互作用对青少年问题行为的影响研究

Interacting Effect of Deviant Peer Affiliation and COMT rs4680 Polymorphism on Adolescent Behavioral Problems

背景青少年问题行为包括攻击、违纪、物质滥用、注意力问题等,问题行为不但影响青少年身心健康发展,还会破坏家庭的和谐以及学校和社会的运行规则,甚至导致青少年犯罪。因此,探讨青少年问题行为的形成机制极为重要。现有证据表明,青少年问题行为的形成是环境和遗传因素共同作用的结果。目的探讨不良同伴交往与儿茶酚胺氧位甲基转移酶(COMT)基因rs4680位点多态性交互作用对青少年问题行为的影响。方法 2011—2012年从北京市青少年双生子样本库每对双生子中随机抽取一人的数据,共抽取11～17岁青少年780名。分别采用《不良同伴交往问卷》和《Achenbach青少年行为自评量表》测量青少年不良同伴交往和问题行为得分。从口腔上皮细胞提取DNA进行分型,获得COMT基因rs4680位点多态性。采用多元线性回归分析青少年问题行为得分的影响因素。结果COMT基因rs4680位点AA型、AG型、GG型青少年问题行为得分分别为(13.5±9.1)、(13.0±10.7)、(12.3±10.8)分,3者比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.55,P=0.577)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、不良同伴交往以及不良同伴交往×COMT基因对青少年问题行为得分的影响有回归关系〔β=0.90,95%CI(0.47,1.18),P<0.001;β=1.08,95%CI(0.98,1.44),P<0.001;β=0.44,95%CI(0.08,0.75),P=0.014〕。GG型更容易受到不良同伴交往的影响,当同伴环境不佳时,问题行为得分增长更高。结论青少年问题行为同时受到遗传因素和环境因素的影响,有特定遗传倾向者更容易被不良同伴影响。

Background Teenage behavior problems include aggression,violation of discipline,substance abuse,and impaired concentration,which not only affects physical and mental health development of teenagers,but also undermines the harmony of families,the operational rules of schools and society,and even causes juvenile delinquency.Therefore,it is very important to explore the formation mechanism of adolescent problem behaviors.The existing evidence has shown that the formation of adolescent problem behaviors results from the joint action of environmental and genetic factors.Objective To investigate the interacting effect of deviant peer affiliation and rs4680 polymorphism of catechol-O-methyl-transferase(COMT)gene on adolescent behavioral problems.Methods Data of 780 adolescents aged from 11 to 17 years were drawn from Beijing Twin Registry from 2011 to 2012.Deviant Peer Affiliation Questionnaire and Achenbach Youth Self Report were used for assessing deviant peer affiliation and behavioral problems,respectively.Saliva samples were collected and genome DNA was extracted for genotyping the COMT rs4680 polymorphism.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to detect factors influencing scores of adolescent problem behaviors.Results Average scores of behavioral problems for AA group,AG group and GG group of rs4680 in COMT gene were(13.5±9.1),(13.0±10.7)and(12.3±10.8),respectively.Difference among the three groups was not significant(F=0.55,P=0.577).Multiple linear regression model revealed there was statistical significance in the interacting effect of age,deviant peer affiliation,deviant peer affiliation and COMT gene on behavioral problems〔β=0.90,95%CI(0.47,1.18),P<0.001;β=1.08,95%CI(0.98,1.44),P<0.001;β=0.44,95%CI(0.08,0.75),P=0.014〕.Further analysis found that GG group was more vulnerable to deviant peer affiliation,and more behavioral problems were developed when exposing to negative peer environments.Conclusion Adolescent behavioral problems are affected by both genetic factors and environmental factors.Adolescents with certain genetic propensity are more vulnerable to negative peer environments.