二战前后日本记者眼中的“中国民众形像”

The Image of Chinese People in the Eyes of Japanese Journalists around World War Ⅱ

近年来中日之间的往来愈加频繁,对彼此新印象的形成也为大势所趋。在此背景下,中日知识界都在重新审视彼此的国家形象。日本的"中国观"大抵集中在来自《论语》、《三国》的古典中国观以及共产党领导农民革命的革命中国形象。如此而来的中国观都积极向上。而事实上日本民众对中国还有很多误解与偏执。众所周知,如此中国观的形成与日本近代对中国的殖民侵略以及宣传有关。中日知识界对日本民众中国观的相关论述已不鲜见,而对当时中国民众形象的整理与论述却并不多见。鉴于此,我们将重新梳理二战前日本民众对中国以及中国民众的印象及其形成背景。具体以芥川龙之介及其同时代的"中国通"清水安三、橘朴的相关论述为对象作横向对比,进而让我们对当时日本有识之士的中国民众形象有一个客观认识,并探究其背后的差异。

In recent years, exchanges between China and Japan have become more frequent, and the formation of new impressions of each other is also the general trend. In this context, both Chinese and Japanese intellectuals are reexamining each other’s national image. Japan’s "view of China" mostly concentrates on the classical view of China from the Analects of Confucius, the Three Kingdoms and the image of revolutionary China led by the Communist Party in the peasant revolution. So the Chinese outlook is positive. In fact, the Japanese people still have many misunderstandings and bigotry about China. As we all know, the formation of such a view of China is related to Japanese colonial aggression and propaganda against China in modern times. It is not uncommon for the Chinese and Japanese intellectuals to discuss the Japanese people’s view of China, but to collate and discuss the image of the Chinese people at that time. In view of this, we will reorganize the Japanese people’s impressions of China and the Chinese people before World War Ⅱ and their formation background. Taking Ryunosuke Akutagawa and his contemporary expositions of " Old China hand" Yasuzo shimizu and Shiraki Tathibana as the object of horizontal comparison, we can have an objective understanding of the image of the Chinese people of Japanese insight at that time, and explore the differences behind them.