燕窝多元素的分布及溯源信息研究

Study on the distribution characteristics and traceability information of multi-elements in edible bird's nest

收集不同来源的燕窝48盏,采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)对不同来源燕窝中的27种元素进行了分析,发现燕窝中含有5种呈Na>Ca>Mg>K>P分布的常量元素、生物体必需微量元素(Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mo、Co、Se、Cr)、3种轻稀土(La、Ce、Nd)和2种重稀土(Tb和Lu)。燕窝的27种元素中,除Pt外均呈偏态分布且变异系数(COV)较大。基于SPSS 20.0的t-检验、MannWhitney U检验、个案排秩(Tukey正态得分)及双因素方差分析技术,从燕窝的产地、采收方式及产地×采收方式交互作用等方面对变异原因进行分析,筛选出采收方式溯源特征显著的元素B、Na、P、Ca、Mn、Cu、Sr、Mo、Ba、Nd和产地溯源特征显著的元素Mg、Al、Pt。研究证实了基于多元素分析和化学计量学模型的燕窝溯源研究的可行性。

Forth-eight cup-shaped edible bird’s nest(EBN)harvesting from natural cave and man-made house were collected from Malaysia and Indonesia to study the distribution characteristics and traceability of 27 elements in EBN.The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was applied for the detection of multi-elements in EBN,and five macro-elements which distributed according to the rule of Na>Ca> Mg>K>P were found in EBN.Besides,in EBN,some essential trace elements(Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn,Mo,Co,Se,Cr),3 light rare earth elements(LREE)and 2 heavy rare earth elements(HREE)also be detected.All of 27 elements in EBN is skewed distribution with bigger coefficient of variation(COV)except for Pt.The t-test,MannWhitney U,Rank Cases based on the Tukey formula and Double factor variance analysis was used to analyze the influence of geographical origin,harvesting method and their interactions on the distribution of multi-elements in EBN.B,Na,P,Ca,Mn,Cu,Sr,Mo,Ba and Nd were significantly relative with harvesting method of EBN,and Mg,Al and Pt were for geographical origin of EBN.This article not only verified the feasibility to trace the provenance of cup-shaped EBN,but also provided a reference for traceability research, Nutritional function development and quality grade assessment of EBN.