简论古埃及的尼罗河神哈皮

On the Nile God Hapy in Ancient Egypt

尼罗河是埃及的母亲河,人们因为对它的敬畏和感激而对其进行崇拜和祭祀,逐渐演化出人格化的尼罗河神。哈皮是公认的尼罗河神。现存遗迹上的雕刻和图画让我们可以看到哈皮神的形象,理解埃及人对尼罗河的想象和期盼。哈皮神作为尼罗河神司掌尼罗河水,在埃及的宗教传统下发生演化,不断和其他神联系,最终成为一位全能神。对它的崇拜仪式不仅可以让我们想象出古埃及人对尼罗河祭祀时的盛大场景,也间接反映出古代埃及人的生活;而尼罗河不仅影响埃及人的生产方式,也影响埃及人的生活和社会。

The Nile is the mother river of Egypt. People worship it, and gradually evolve into the personified Nile god. Hapy is recognized as the Nile god. In the relics of the sculpture and painting, we can see the image of Hapy, understand the imagination and will of ancient Egyptian. As the Nile God, Hapy governs the waters of the Nile, and with the evolution of Hapy, it relates to other gods, eventually changes into an almighty god. His worship can not only make us imagine the grand scenes of ancient Egyptians offering sacrifices to the Nile, but also an indirect reflection of the life of ancient Egyptians. The Nile not only affects the mode of production of the Egyptians, but also affects the life and society of the Egyptians.