古埃及新王国时期外族人的“埃及化”问题研究

A Study on the Egyptianization of Foreigners in Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom

新王国时期外族人以各种方式进入埃及,广泛分布于埃及社会各个阶层,业已成为埃及国内不容忽视的群体。为了适应埃及的社会文化环境,这些外族人从语言、生活习俗上向埃及靠拢,日益表现出"埃及化"的特点。可以说,外族人的"埃及化"从一定程度上增加了埃及人的认可度,增强了外族人在埃及社会中的适应性。然而,埃及外族人的特性其实并未消失。事实上,外族人的"埃及化"并不是一个单向的文化适应过程,而应被视为埃及与外族的文化杂交过程。

Foreigners entered into Egypt in various ways during New Kingdom Period. As an important ethnic group, they are wildly distributed in various strata of Egyptian Society. In order to accommodate to social and cultural environment of Egypt, these foreigners imitated Egyptian language and kinds of customs which indicates the feature of Egyptianization. To a certain extent, foreigner's progress for Egyptianization earned Egyptians' recognition, and developed adaptability to Egyptian society. However, the foreigners' characteristic did not disappear completely. Actually, foreigner's Egyptianization may not a unidirectional progress of acculturation, but a procedure of cultural hybridity between foreigners and Egyptians.