农村集体资产股份合作制改革的法律问题探析

Legal Issues in the Reform of Rural Collective Assets Joint-stock Cooperative System

农村集体资产股份合作制改革既是实施乡村振兴战略的主要路径之一,又是农村集体经济组织立法中的重要内容。结合地方实践的实证考察,发现在农村集体资产股份合作制改革中,尚存在集体成员资格认定标准模糊、集体股存废之争、股权静态管理与动态管理之争等法律问题。未来理想的制度设计应该是:明确集体成员资格的认定标准及其法定化路径,用公益金代替集体股,可采用静态管理模式,并最大化充实集体成员股权权能。

The reform of rural collective assets joint-stock cooperative system is not only one of the main ways to implement the strategy of rural revitalization,but also an important part of the legislation of rural collective economic organizations.Based on the empirical study of local practice,there are still some legal problems in the reform of rural collective assets joint-stock cooperative system,such as vague criteria for determining collective membership,disputes over the retention or abolition of collective shares,disputes over static and dynamic management of equity.The ideal system design in the future should be:defining the criteria for the identification of collective membership and its legal path,replacing collective shares with public welfare funds,adopting static management mode,and maximizing the equity rights and functions of collective members.