组织即兴、资源整合与新创企业绩效

Organizational Improvisation,Resource Integration and New Venture Performance

转型经济背景下,环境的动态变化既为企业带来了发展机遇,但也导致企业的决策环境更加复杂化和模糊化。对于面临资源缺陷的新创企业而言,高度不确定的环境为其的生存和发展带来严峻的挑战,如何快速即时的响应环境变化在一定程度上决定新创企业的生存。在此背景下,组织即兴研究应运而生。但是,在随机应变中"求快"的组织即兴真的可以为企业带来优质绩效吗?从资源基础观和能力视角出发,利用一个有中介的调节效用模型,本研究引入了资源整合作为中介变量以期打开组织即兴到新创企业绩效的黑箱,并探究了网络能力的中介的调节效应。文章利用bootstrapping方法对185份新创企业跨期数据进行实证研究并得出以下结论:即兴行为能够显著影响新创企业绩效,资源整合在组织即兴与新创企业绩效之间具有中介作用,而网络能力在组织即兴与绩效之间发挥着有中介的调节效应。当网络能力较高时,组织即兴对绩效的影响更强,而且,网络能力的调节作用通过资源整合的中介实现,当网络能力较高时,组织即兴通过资源整合的中介对绩效产生的积极效果更明显。本研究从资源整合视角出发探究了组织即兴影响绩效的办理,凸显了网络能力在组织即兴向绩效转化过程中的突出作用,为新创企业有效的实施即兴提供了有价值的启示。

In the context of transitional economy, the dynamic and changing market environment brings a lot of development opportunities to enterprises, and it also leads to the complexity and ambiguity of the decision 一 making environment of enterprises. For new ventures facing resource defects, Hyper 一 competitive environmcnts bring great challenges to their survival and growth. Knowing how to rapidly respond to dynamic environments can determine new ventures, survival and, in this context, organizational improvisation research came into being. Organizational improvisation refers to the organization behaviors that respond to various emergencies or problems in a timely manner, emphasizing the spontaneity and creativity of decision 一 making and action. Although the relationship between organizational improvisation and performance has many research results, its research conclusions are not agglomerated. The main reason is the existence of mediate variables and boundary conditions, that is, the mechanism of organizational improvisation to performance is not clear. Many scholars have pointed out that the impact of organizational improvisation on firms,output is uncertain, because it will be affected by many external environmental factors in the implementation process. Therefore, this paper emphasizes new ventures in the Chinese context when exploring the relationship between organizational improvisation and new venture performance.Does organizational improvisation, which seeks to facilitate rapid response to dynamic environments, really bring superior performance to firms? According to resource - based theory, the successful implementation of firm's strategic actions requires the support of resources. In the case of breaking through resource constraints, new ventures may promote organizational improvisation strategy transform to performance successfully. Therefore, from the perspective of resource - based view and capability, using a mediated moderation model, this paper introduces resource integration as a mediating variable to explore the connection between organizational improvisation and new venture performance, and explores the mediating and moderating effects of network capability. Some 185 new ventures were surveyed on two occasions. The data were analyzed with a bootstrapping methodology to obtain the following findings. Improvisation behaviors can positively and significantly influence new venture performance, and network capability has a mediating and moderating effect on the relati on ship between organizational improvisation and performance. At a high level of network capability, organizational improvisation has a strong impact on performance, and the moderating effect of network capability can also be realized through the mediation of resource integration. Meanwhile, at a high level of network capability, organizational improvisation has an obvious and positive impact on performance through the mediation of resource integration. From the view of resource integration, this study opens the black box of organizational improvisation to performance, and demonstrates its role as a bridge between organizational improvisation and new venture performance, highlights the prominent role of network capabilities in the transformation process of organizational improvisation to performance, and provides valuable inspiration for new ventures effectively implement improvisation. Moreover, the results of this study help to explain from the perspective of resource 一 based perspective that " valuable, scarce, non - imitation and irreplaceable resources are the source of competitive advantage ”, and the importance of capabilities in the implementation of organizational behavior, further enriches the research related to resource integration and organizational capability. Finally, the theoretical and practical significance is discussed.