生态效率测度方法及应用研究综述

A Summary of Research on Ecological Efficiency Measurement Methods and Applications

生态效率可量化经济发展对生态环境的影响程度,在国内外得到广泛推广和应用。基于前人研究成果,本研究总结了生态效率概念的发展、评价方法的演变及实践应用:(1)生态效率的概念,在核算生态效率时大都遵循"较少的资源投入和环境成本获取较大的经济效益"这一核心思想;(2)评价方法主要有单一比值法、指标评价法、模型法(其中DEA模型使用较多);(3)生态效率的应用,研究已从微观(企业)层面拓展到中观(行业)甚至宏观(区域)层面,但国内关于微观层面研究较少。

Eco-efficiency can quantify the degree of impact of economic developmenton the ecological environment.and has been widely promoted and applied indomestic and foreign field.Based on the previousresearch results,this study summarizes the development of eco-efficiency concept,the evolution of evaluation methods and practical applications.The results show as follow:(1) Regarding the concept of eco-efficiency,most scholars follow the core idea of "less resource input and environmental cost to obtain greater economic benefits" when accounting for eco-efficiency;(2) The evaluation methods mainly include single ratio method,index evaluation method and model method (where DEA model is used more)(3) Regarding the application of ecological efficiency,relevant research at home and abroad has expanded from the micro-enterprise level to the meso-level industry level and the macro-level level.Meanwhile,there are few studies on micro-enterprises in China.