构建中国国家公园体系路径中的挑战与机遇

Challenges and Opportunities Along the Pathways to Building a National Park System in China

新的国家公园体系是中国在自然和文化遗产保护方面迈出的重要一步,为自然和文化遗产保护提供了重要的基石,同时也为游客提供了全新的体验机会。"为什么(建立国家公园体系)""怎么样(国家公园体系未来有哪些特征)"和"做什么(来建立国家公园体系)"是帮助建立国家公园体系、应对相关挑战和机遇的3条可行路径。此外,为了同步整合这3条路径,还需要一条路径解决政策和程序方面的问题。值得一提的是,在"为什么"方面,国家公园体系不仅应当保护生态完整性,也应当致力于提供转变性的游客体验机会。这些体验能够激励游客学习,掌握更多的信息,激励他们去探索更多地方。而"做什么"的问题涉及路径的其他方面,其中最重要的是要在充满不确定性和变化的全球背景下建立规划和管理的能力。

China’s new national park system is an important step in protecting its natural and cultural. National parks provide an important cornerstone to that protection, and at the same time secures opportunities for transformative visitor experiences. There are multiple pathways to a viable national park system. Those pathways include one dealing with the “why”, one concerning the “how”, and one addressing the “what”. These pathways help in responding to the challenges and opportunities in building a national park system. There is also a control pathway that emphasizes policies and procedures that helps synchronize and integrate the three other pathways. Importantly, the park system not only protects (the “why”), its ecological integrity, but also aims to provide opportunities for transformative visitor experiences. Such experiences deal with learning, inspiring visitors to seek more information, and empowers them to explore other places. The “what” deals with other dimensions of the pathways, most importantly building capacity to plan and manage in a global context of uncertainty and change.