社会转型下的单位社区适老性景观更新策略研究:以重棉厂社区为例

Research on the Strategy of Elderly Friendly Landscape Renewal in Unit Community under Social Transformation——A Case Study of Chongqing Cotton Mill Community

老龄化社会背景下,社区养老发展成为中国城市的主要养老模式,单位社区老龄化问题较其他新兴社区更为典型,是社区养老建设的重要阵地。因其制度转型导致原有功能和结构破碎,使得该类社区普遍存在适老性缺失问题,突显出单位社区适老性景观更新研究的迫切性。以重庆土湾重棉厂社区为例,通过社会调查量表和半开放式访谈等方式,调查老年人日常行为路径、社会网络特征和文化记忆感知,发现了社区服务体系分离、社会网络分化和集体记忆缺失三大既存问题,由此构建出完善社区服务体系、增加多元交往空间、延续单位集体记忆的适老性景观干预途径,从而为单位社区适老性景观建设提供理论探寻和实践样本借鉴。

Under the background of aging society, community old-age care has become the main mode of providing for the aged in Chinese cities. The ageing problem in unit communities is more typical than other emerging communities, and they have become a major front in community pension construction. Since institutional transformation has led to the fragmentation of the original function and structure, there is a general lack for the elders in such communities. This highlights the urgency of studies of elderly friendly landscape renewal in unit communities. Citing the community attached to the cotton mill in Tuwan, Chongqing as an example, this paper investigates the daily behavior paths, social network characteristics and cultural memory perception of the elderly through social survey scale and semi-open interviews. It has found three major problems, which are the separation of the community service system, the differentiation of social network and the loss of collective memory. It hence puts forward the elderly friendly landscape intervention approach, comprising the improvement of the community service system, increasing diversified communication space, and extending the unit collective memory, thus providing a theoretical exploration and practical sample for the construction of elderly friendly landscape in the unit communities.