亲子亲合对农村留守儿童孤独感与抑郁的影响:一项追踪研究

The Effect of Parental Cohesion on Loneliness and Depression in Left-at-Home Rural Children: A Follow-Up Study

在相互作用模型的理论框架下,为系统探讨留守儿童亲子亲合对其孤独感和抑郁发展的影响,采用亲子亲合问卷、儿童孤独感量表和儿童抑郁量表对556名农村小学四年级留守儿童进行为期12个月的追踪调查。研究结果表明:(1)小学四年级留守儿童的孤独感和抑郁等在一年间存在着显著减少的发展趋势;而亲子亲合水平出现显著增加的趋势。(2)交叉滞后分析结果显示,留守儿童亲子亲合与孤独感和抑郁呈互为因果关系。即亲子亲合可以负向预测一年后的孤独感和抑郁状况,而孤独感和抑郁也可以预测一年后的亲子亲合水平。

This study aims to explore the effect of parental cohesion on loneliness and depression in left-at-home rural children(rural children left at home by their parents seeking employment in cities),based on thetransactional model of communication,and a 12-month follow-up survey of 556 left-at-home rural children(who were fourth-year primary school students)with the questionnaires and scales for parental cohesion,and children's loneliness and depression.The results show the following:(1)The rural children's loneliness and depression tended to significantly decrease during the 12 months,but parental cohesion tended to significantly increase;and(2)a cross-lagged regression analysis indicated that there were reciprocal cause-and-effect relationships between parental cohesion,loneliness and depression;that is to say,parental cohesion could be used to negatively predict loneliness and depression after 12 months,and loneliness and depression could be used to negatively predict parental cohesion after 12 months.