miRNAs与内耳发育和听觉毛细胞凋亡与再生的研究进展

Role of miRNAs in inner ear development and apoptosis or regeneration of auditory hair cells

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一种小的、非编码蛋白的RNA,它通过转录后机制的调控参与细胞的分化、增殖、凋亡和代谢等多种生物过程。近年来,许多研究发现miRNAs在脊椎动物内耳的发育、改善听觉毛细胞的凋亡以及促进毛细胞的再生中也发挥了重要作用,miRNAs的出现为听力障碍的机制研究与治疗提供了新的方法。

MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that are involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic processes via regulation of post-transcriptional mechanisms. In recent years, many studies have revealed the importance of miRNAs for the development of the inner ear in vertebrates, and preventing apoptosis and promoting regeneration of the auditory hair cells. Regulation of miRNAs may provide novel strategies to study the mechanism of hearing impairment and treat hearing disorders.