晚期自发性食管破裂10例诊治分析

Diagnosis and treatment of late spontaneous esophageal rupture:a report of 10 cases

目的总结分析晚期自发性食管破裂患者的临床特征、诊断方法和治疗措施.方法回顾性分析晚期自发性食管破裂患者10例的临床资料.结果患者平均年龄49.3岁;男9例,女1例;发病至确诊时间平均82.6 h;发病诱因除1例为摔倒,其余均为呕吐;主要临床表现为胸痛、腹痛、气短;检查有发热和血象升高表现,均有胸腔积液,1例未及时就诊,9例首诊均在其他专科就诊而延误诊治.均采用胸腔闭式引流、胃肠减压、肠内外营养支持及抗感染治疗.10例患者均经保守治疗治愈,平均住院时间为49.4 d.随访2年,无慢性脓胸、食管狭窄及反流性食管炎发生.结论晚期自发性食管破裂多由于延误诊治所致,采用综合保守治疗措施效果满意.

Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical features,diagnostic methods and treatment measures of patients with advanced spontaneous esophageal rupture. Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of 10 patients with advanced spontaneous esophageal rupture was conducted. Results The average age of the patients was 49. 3 years old. The average time of diagnosis was 82. 6 hours. The cause of onset was drastic vomiting except for one case falling down. The main clinical manifestations were chest pain,abdominal pain,and shortness of breath,fever and elevation of hemogram,pleural effusion appeared in all patients,1 case was not treated in time,and 9 cases of the first checks were delayed for diagnosis and treatment in other specialties. Conservative treatment(closed thoracic drainage,gastrointestinal decompression,enteral nutrition support and antimicrobial therapy) was given to all patients. All 10 cases were cured by conservative treatment,the average time of hospitalization was 49. 4 days,followed up for 2 years, no chronic empyema, stricture of the esophagus and reflux esophagitis were observed. Conclusion Late spontaneous rupture of the esophagus is caused by delays in the diagnosis and treatment of the esophagus,the effect of comprehensive conservative treatment is satisfactory.