2006—2017年苏州市农药中毒情况

Status of pesticide poisoning in Suzhou City from 2006-2017

目的了解苏州市农药中毒的现状和分布特点,为制定农药中毒防制策略提供参考依据。方法从职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统收集农药中毒数据,采用SAS 9.4软件包进行统计分析。结果生产性农药中毒构成比(17.51%)及其死亡率(0.38%)均低于非生产性农药中毒(82.49%,6.82%)。2006—2017年农药中毒报告病例数呈逐年下降的趋势,但是2012—2017年农药中毒报告病例的死亡率呈逐年增加的趋势。生产性农药中毒主要集中在第三季度。农药中毒主要分布在常熟市、张家港市以及吴江区等农业人口较多的地区;男女性别比为1∶1.16。生产性农药中毒平均年龄(52.70岁)高于非生产性农药中毒平均年龄(45.67岁),非生产性农药中毒随着年龄的增长,死亡率增加。农药中毒类型以甲胺磷、敌敌畏、氧乐果等有机磷农药为主。农药中毒的原因中,自杀性最多,占68.60%,且女性高于男性。结论苏州市农药中毒情况得到有效控制,但是对重点地区和重点人群仍然要加强对农药使用的监管。

[Objective]To understand the present situation and distribution characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Suzhou City,provide the reference for formulating the strategy of prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.[Methods]The data of pesticide poisoning were collected from the occupational diseases and occupational health information monitoring system. SAS 9.4 software was used for statistical analysis.[Results] The constituent ratio and the fatality rate of productive pesticide poisoning(17.51%,0.38%) were both lower than that of non-productive pesticide poisoning(82.49%,6.82%),pesticide poisoning(0.38%) was lower than that of non-productive pesticide poisoning.The number of reported cases of pesticide poisoning was decreasing year by year from 2006 to 2017,but the mortality rate of pesticide poisoning cases was increasing year by year from 2012 to 2017. The cases of productive pesticide poisoning concentrated in the third quarter. Pesticide poisoning cases mainly distributed in areas with a large agricultural population,such as Changshu City,Zhangjiagang City and Wujiang District. The male to female ratio was1∶1.16. The average age of productive pesticide poisoning cases(52.70 years old) was higher than that of non-productive pesticide poisoning cases(45.67 years old),and the fatality rate of non-productive pesticide poisoning cases increased with age. The pesticide poisoning cases mainly caused by methamidophos,dichlorophene,omethoate and other organophosphorus pesticides.Suicide was the dominant reason of pesticide poisoning,which accounting for 68.60%,and female cases were more than male cases.[Conclusion] The situation of pesticide poisoning in Suzhou City has been effectively controlled,but the regulation of pesticide use should be strengthened in key regions and key populations.