日本AO入学考试制度发展的困境与出路

On the Development Predicament of AO Entrance Examination System in Japan and Its Outlet

AO入学考试是20世纪90年代日本从美国引进的大学入学考试制度,旨在构建多维度、综合性的入学选拔评价体系,是日本探索大学入学选拔方式多元化的重要举措。然而,在具体实践中,日本AO入学考试不注重基础学力的考查,使之陷入"入学者学力不足"的发展困境。在日本世界一流大学建设战略背景下,日本高校主要从制度设计、门槛设置和机制运行等方面为AO入学考试寻找改革路径。

The AO entrance examination system is a university entrance examination system introduced from the United States in the 1990 s in Japan. Aiming to build a multi-dimensional and comprehensive entrance selection evaluation system, it is regarded as an important measure for Japan to explore approaches to diversify its enrollment in universities.However,in practice,the Japanese AO entrance examination does not emphasize to the estimation of basic academic abilities, making it fall into the development dilemma of "applicants lacking of learning abilities". Under the strategy of developing and constructing world-class universities, Japanese universities are exploring reform approaches to AO entrance exams in terms of system design, threshold setting, mechanism operation.