政策谣言的生发与治理

The Generation, Dissemination and Governance of Policy Rumors

政策谣言即未经证实合乎政策事实的民间政策传言;只有那些完全缺乏政策事实的政策传言才是真正的政策谣言,其他的属于准政策谣言。政策谣言的生发诱因主要包括政策价值的重要性、政策信息的模糊性、社会环境和个体心理、政府公信力缺失等多个方面。互联网和新媒体时代的到来,助推了政策谣言的传播;政策谣言的典型传播机制主要有社会流瀑、群体极化和偏颇吸收等。政府应从五个方面提升政府的政策谣言治理能力和水平:增强政府公信力;强化政策的宣传、解读与回应;提升政务信息公开水平;建立健全辟谣工作系统,分类治理政策谣言;加强对新媒体信息传播的监管。

Policy rumors refer to those which have not been substantiated by official policy facts,and only those completely lacking of policy facts are called true policy rumors while others called quasi-policy rumors.The causes of policy rumors mainly include the importance of policy value,the ambiguity of policy information,the social environment and individual psychology,and the insufficient government credibility.The advent of Internet and new media era has promoted the spread of policy rumors.The typical dissemination mechanisms of policy rumors mainly include social waterfalls,group polarization and partial absorption,etc.The government should improve the ability of governance from the following five aspects:enhancing the government’s credibility;strengthening the propaganda,interpretation and response of the policies;enhancing the level of government information disclosure;establishing and improving the working system of refuting rumors,and governing policy rumors by classification;strengthening the supervision of new media communication.