心血管疾病高危人群的中医体质辨识结果分析

Analysis of the Results of TCM Constitution Identification in High-risk Population with Cardiovascular Disease

目的探索心血管疾病高危因素与中医体质类型的关系,为心血管疾病的预防提供相关依据。方法于2015年6月—2017年4月健康体检人群中筛查出300例心血管疾病风险高危人群作为研究对象进行中医体质类型判断,对比分析9种体质之间血压、血脂、血糖、超重或肥胖的发生情况。结果①各年龄段中医体质类型主要分布情况:平和质56例(18.6%),50～59岁较为显著,男性多于女性;阳虚质51例(17.0%),30～39岁较为显著,且均为女性;湿热质44例(14.6%),30～39岁较为显著;痰湿质39例(13.0%),50～59岁较为显著,女性多于男性;阴虚质34例(11.3%),50～59岁较为显著,女性多于男性。②阳虚质和湿热质在血压高危险因素中分别为49例(16.3%)、43例(14.3%),以30～39岁为主;阳虚质和湿热质在血糖高危险因素中分别为30例(10.0%)、26例(8.7%),以30～39岁为主;阳虚质和湿热质在血脂异常危险因素中分别为33例(11.0%)、35例(11.7%),以30～39岁为主;阳虚质和湿热质在超重/肥胖危险因素中分别为41例(13.7%)、39例(13.0%),以30～39岁为主。结论在心血管病高危人群中常见的偏颇体质为阳虚质、湿热质、痰湿质和阴虚质。阳虚质和湿热质是心血管病高危人群密集的危险体质,以30～39岁为主,提示可以基于中医体质角度防治心血管疾病。

Objective To explore the relationship between the risk factors of cardiovascular disease and the type of traditional Chinese medicine,and provide the basis for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Methods Three hundres cases of cardiovascular high-risk groups were screened out from the healthy physical examination as the research object to judge the TCM constitution type from June 2014 to January 2018,and the blood pressure,blood lipids,blood glucose and the incidence of overweight or obesity between 9 kinds of TCM constitution types were compared and analyzed. Results ①The main distribution of TCM constitution types in different age groups were as follows:56 cases (18.6%) were gentleness type,50~59 years old was more significant and more male than female. There were 51 cases (17.0%) of Yang-deficiency type,which all of them were female.There were 44 cases (14.6%) of dampness-heat type,30~39 years old was more significant.There were 39 cases (13.0%) of phlegm-dampness type,the age between 30 and 39 years old was significantly higher,there was no difference between male and female.There were 34 cases(11.3%) of Yin-deficiency type,the age of 30~39 years old was more significant and more female than male.②The proportion of Yang- deficiency and dampness-heat in the high risk factors of high blood pressure was 49 cases(16.3%) and 43 cases(14.3%),respectively,and mainly in the 30~39 years old.The proportion of Yang-deficiency and dampness-heat in the high risk factors of blood sugar was 30 cases(10.0%) and 26 cases(8.7%),mainly in the 30~39 years old.The proportion of Yang-deficiency and dampness in the abnormal risk factors of blood lipids was 35(11.7%) and 33 (11.0%),respectively,mainly in the 30~39 years old.The proportion of Yang-deficiency and dampness-heat in the risk factors of overweight or obesity was 41 cases(13.7%) and 39 cases(13.0%),respectively,mainly in the 30~39 years old. Conclusion The most common constitution in the high-risk group of patients with cardiovascular disease is Yang-deficiency,dampness-heat,phlegm-dampness and Yin-deficiency,Yang-deficiency and dampness-heat are the most dangerous conditions of high risk of cardiovascular disease,and both of them are mainly 30~39 years old,suggesting that cardiovascular diseases can be prevented based on the traditional Chinese medicine.