塞威氏苹果树台形态特征及梯级变化

Morphological characteristics and its clinal variation of the tree platform of Malus sieversii

选择以西天山野果林为例,应用徕卡TS06无合作目标性全站仪(Reflectorless Total Station)获取野苹果林树台的形态参数数据,定量分析西天山野苹果林树台的三维形态特征和空间分布格局,构建野苹果林树台的DEM(数字高程模型Digital Elevation Model,DEM),对野苹果林树台微地貌景观状况进行研究。结果表明:(1)研究区的野苹果树台的形态比较规则,长宽比为0.657 9～1.431 0,差异比较小,呈扇形或半圆形。且能够明显看出野苹果树所在的位置(即样地中心)颜色较深,且突出,高程值较大。(2)坡度、底径与野苹果林树台的底面积、表面积、体积、长、宽、高、长宽比都呈现出显著相关性。其中,野苹果林树台的坡度与树台的高和长度之间呈现出明显的线性正相关性,R^2分别为0.96、0.90;树台的底径与其底面积、表面积、长度呈现出较明显的线性相关,R^2分别为0.61、0.46、0.47。其研究结果可为合理利用森林植被,水土保持,以及野苹果树根部营养储存量提供一定的理论支持。

Taking the Malus sieversii forest in the western Tianshan Mountains as an example,this paper obtained the morphological parameters of the tree-platforms of the Malus sieversii in the western Tianshan Mountains using the Leica TS06 Reflectorless Total Station,and quantitatively analyzed the three-dimensional morphological characteristics and spatial distribution pattern.The DEM(Digital Elevation Model,DEM) of the tree-platforms of the Malus sieversii forest was constructed to study its micro-geomorphic landscape.The result shows as follows:(1) The shape of the Malus sieversii tree-platform in the study area is relatively regulated,and the aspect ratio is in the range between 0.657 9 and 1.431 0.It is semi-circular or fan-shaped.The position of the Malus sieversii(ie,the center of the plot) is displayed being darker and prominent with higher elevation values.(2) The slope,bottom diameter and bottom area,surface area, volume,length,width,height and aspect ratio of the Malus sieversii tree-platform are significantly correlated.Among them, the slope,the height and the length show a significant linear positive correlation,with R^2 being 0.96 and 0.90 respectively;the bottom diameter and the bottom area,surface area and length show significant linear correlation with R^2 being 0.61,0.46,and 0.47 respectively.The research result can provide useful data to support the rational use of forest vegetation,soil and water conservation,and nutrient storage of wild apple trees.