中外田径七项全能优秀运动员成绩的比较研究

随着训练技术更加科学化,世界田径七项全能运动不断发展。笔者运用文献资料法、数理统计法和逻辑推理法等对参加2016年奥运会运动员成绩和2017年全国运动会运动员成绩进行比较分析。研究发现,中国田径七项全能优秀运动员的成绩与世界优秀运动员存在很大的差距,不论总分还是各单项均存在非常显著性的差异,而差距最大前两位的是所有投掷项目铅球和标枪,标枪相差最大。同时,中国田径七项全能优秀运动员的成绩主要有4个项目决定,分别是100m跨栏、标枪、跳远和铅球,其中标枪和铅球两个项目对成绩的影响最大。因此,在运动员选材时注重投掷项目的发展潜力,在选材测试时加大投掷类项目的评价权重,并在日常训练时注重投掷类项目训练,尤其注重标枪。

With the more scientif ic training techniques, the world track and field heptathlon continues to develop. By using the methods of documentation, mathematical statistics and logical reasoning, the author makes a comparative analysis of the results of athletes participating in the 2016 Olympic Games and the results of athletes participating in the 2017 National Games. It is found that there is a big gap between the performance of Chinese elite Heptathlon Athletes and that of the world elite athletes. There are very signif icant differences in total scores and individual events. The biggest gap is between shot put and javelin in all throwing events, with the biggest difference between javelin and Chinese elite heptathlon athletes. At the same time, the performance of Chinese elite track and field Heptathlon Athletes is mainly determined by four items, namely, 100-meter hurdles, javelin, long jump and shot put, of which javelin and shot put are the two items that have the greatest impact on the performance. Therefore, in the selection of athletes, we should pay attention to the development potential of throwing events, increase the evaluation weight of throwing items in the selection test, and pay attention to the training of throwing items in daily training, especially javelin.