论黔中汉族民间信仰文化的特质

On Nature of Folk Belief Culture of Han Nationality in Qianzhong

自然环境恶劣、疾疫多发以及信鬼尚巫的文化氛围,构成黔中汉族民间信仰的生态空间。祭祀朝拜中的功利性诉求,反映了高原山地农耕社会的心理,亦折射出汉族移民的历史记忆。黔中地处荆楚、湖湘、滇、巴蜀及百越诸文化交汇融通之枢纽,民间信仰文化形态深受其影响;加之长期吸纳周边少数民族传统宗教因子,呈现出多元宗教碰撞的特征,亦展示出彼此融通的趋势。有关黔中民间信仰的研究,为我们了解该地汉族社会的历史、弘扬传统文化以及推进乡村建设工作,均具有现实意义。

The ecological space of folk belief culture of Han Nationality in Qianzhong consists of harsh natural environment, frequent plagues and cultural atmosphere of ghosts and witchcraft. The utilitarian appeal of sacrifice and worshiping has displayed the psyche of farming society on plateaus and mountains, and also reflected the historical memory of migrants of Han Nationality. Sharing border with Hubei, Huhan, Guizhou and Sichuan, and having communicated with multiple cultures, the formation of this very folk belief culture has been under these influences. Through the adoption of religious factors of bordering ethnic minorities, this very folk belief culture has developed the conflicting features of multiple religions and the trends of mutual integration. The study of this very folk belief helps us better understand the history of Han Nationality there, spread traditional culture and promote rural construction, and this is of great significance.