不同材质的引雷塔引雷能力模拟实验研究

Experimental Study on Lightning Triggering Ability of Lightning Towers With Different Materials

为探究由不同材料构成的高塔对自身引雷能力的影响机理,采用负极性标准操作波分别对按照1:12.5比例缩小的角钢模型塔和环氧树脂模型塔进行了大量的间隙放电实验,实验分为单塔间隙距离为1、3、5、7 m等条件下的放电和双塔选择性放电2部分。实验中采用升降法获取不同间隙下两塔的50%放电电压,并用高速摄像仪对间隙放电过程进行观测。实验结果表明:在单塔间隙放电实验中,不同间隙距离下的角钢塔击穿电压要低于环氧树脂塔,在双塔选择性放电中,角钢塔的接闪次数百分比较环氧树脂塔的多44%,故角钢塔的引雷能力要优于环氧树脂塔。实验结论有助于改善引雷塔引雷措施的引雷效果,使得输电线路得到更为优化的保护,同时为引雷塔的设计和建设提供参考。

In order to explore the influence mechanism of the lightning towers composed of different materials on their own lightning triggering ability, numerous discharge experiments with standard negative switching impulse were conducted on two lightning tower models which made of angle steel and epoxy resin respectively and scaled in ratio of 12.5:1.The gap discharge tests of the lightning tower were divided into two parts: single-tower gap distances of 1 m, 3 m, 5 m and 7 m,and selective discharge of double towers. Up-and-down method was used to obtain the 50% discharge voltage of the two towers under different gap distances in the tests, and high-speed camera system was used to observe the discharge process. Test results showed that the breakdown voltage of the steel tower at different gap distances was lower than that of the composite tower in single-tower gap discharge tests;the percentage of flashing of the steel tower was 44% higher than that of the composite tower in the selective discharge of double towers.The lightning triggering ability of the steel tower was better than that of the composite tower. The conclusion of the test provides a reference for construction and design of the lightning towers. The effect of lightning triggering measures for the lightning towers could be improved by changing materials of the tower, so that the transmission line could be better protected.